Seeds of Wisdom RV and Economic Updates Wednesday Afternoon 8-20-25

Good Afternoon Dinar Recaps,

India’s Rupee Goes Global Instead of Single BRICS Currency Plan

India’s BRICS global rupee initiatives are reshaping international trade as New Delhi officially abandons the idea of a single BRICS currency in favor of bilateral agreements. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has been signing direct settlement agreements, enabling transactions in rupees without dollar conversion.

This represents India’s systematic move to ditch dollar dependence through partnerships with countries like the Maldives and the UAE, positioning the rupee’s global ambitions as a more practical alternative to the proposed BRICS currency that never materialized.

India’s Global Rupee Strategy Replaces BRICS Currency Plans

The single BRICS currency proposal cooled after the July 2025 BRICS summit in Rio de Janeiro produced no concrete framework. Instead, leaders shifted focus to bilateral trade agreements in local currencies—a solution seen as more realistic.

• A landmark development came in November 2024, when the RBI signed an agreement with the Maldivian Monetary Authority, allowing transactions to be settled directly in rupees and rufiyaa.

• This bypasses dollar-based networks, making transactions faster and cheaper, while boosting the rupee’s regional influence.

• According to RBI Deputy Governor Sanjay Malhotra, India has already implemented similar frameworks with the UAE, and negotiations are ongoing with other Asian and African countries.

This demonstrates a clear internationalization of the rupee, with the potential to reshape regional trade flows.

How BRICS India Trade Settlements Work

India’s settlement system eliminates dollar conversion by creating direct bilateral clearing mechanisms.

• Example: A Maldivian company importing Indian rice can pay in rufiyaa, which is automatically converted into rupees through RBI-authorized systems.

• This approach is more feasible than a multilateral BRICS currency, requiring less infrastructure and relying on bilateral trust.

• Benefits include reduced foreign exchange exposure, lower conversion fees, and less vulnerability to sanctions.

India’s Global Rupee Expansion and Competition

India’s global rupee initiative is expanding beyond its current agreements, with multiple countries in Asia and Africa negotiating to join.

• India’s bilateral approach competes directly with China’s yuan internationalization, which emphasizes multilateral adoption.

• Meanwhile, Russia has promoted ruble usage with regional allies, but with limited global traction.

• This sets the stage for currency competition within BRICS: rupee (bilateral), yuan (multilateral), and ruble (regional).

Strategic Benefits of India Ditching the Dollar

India’s move away from dollar reliance carries several strategic advantages:

• Monetary autonomy – avoiding external pressure from U.S. dollar fluctuations while preserving internal policy control.

• Lower costs – significantly reducing transaction costs for BRICS and India-linked trade.

• Sanctions resilience – shielding partners from the risks of dollar-based financial systems.

• Geoeconomic power – expanding rupee usage strengthens India’s leverage with trade partners.

This strategy positions India against China’s yuan push, but by taking a different path—bilateral agreements rather than multilateral frameworks.

Future of BRICS Currency Alternatives

While the unified BRICS currency plan has stalled, member nations are advancing individual currency strategies:

• India – bilateral rupee settlements.

• China – multilateral yuan adoption.

• Russia – regional ruble agreements.

Together, these approaches may displace the dollar more effectively than a single BRICS currency ever could.

The success of India’s rupee internationalization depends on expanding bilateral agreements and building long-term trust with trading partners. By prioritizing practical implementation over complex negotiations, India’s rupee push could deliver faster, more significant results than the original BRICS common currency proposal.

@ Newshounds News™
Source: Watcher Guru

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Iraq Economic News and Points To Ponder Wednesday Morning 8-20-25

OPEC Oil Refining Capacity: What Is Iraq's Ranking?
 
Economy  2025-08-19 | 583 views  Alsumaria News – Economy   oil refining capacity continues OPEC its five-year upward trend, with     new refineries being built or   existing capacity being expanded.
 
The organization's latest annual statistics, published by the Washington-based Energy Research Unit, showed thatoil refining capacity in member states increased by 18.5%, or 2.2 million barrels per day,
during the period from 2020 to 2024.

OPEC 's oil refining capacity increased by 0.5%, or 71,000 barrels per day, in 2024,
bringing the total to 14.14 million barrels per day.
 
The share of the 12 OPEC member states in total global refining capacity increased from 11.8% in 2020 to 13.6% in 2024, with global capacity reaching 103.8 million barrels per day last year.
 
On the other hand, refinery production in OPEC countries increased by 5%,
or 411,000 barrels per day, to reach 8.921 million barrels per day in 2024,
compared to about 8.511 million in 2023.
 
This means that OPEC's refinery utilization rate —refinery production divided by total refining capacity—will not exceed 63% in 2024, according to the Energy Research Unit's analysis.
 
Developments In Oil Refining Capacity In OPEC Countries
 
accounted Saudi Arabia for nearly a quarter of OPEC's oil refining capacity in 2024,
with its refining capacity remaining unchanged at 3.291 million barrels per day (bpd) from 2023.
 
The Kingdom's refining capacity increased by 12.5%, or 364,000 barrels per day,
between 2020 and 2024, according to OPEC's annual report. ranked Iran second among OPEC countries,
with its refining capacity set to stabilize at 2.237 million barrels per day in 2024.
 
Iran's refining capacity has not seen significant changes over the past five years,
remaining at around 2.2 million barrels per day, or slightly higher since 2020.
 
Venezuela ranked third among OPEC countries, with its crude refining capacity set to remain stable at 2.154 million barrels per day in 2024, the same level as in 2020.
 
Refining Capacity In Kuwait, Iraq And The UAE
 
Kuwait has taken fourth place in OPEC's oil refining capacity, with its capacity increasing by pproximately 36,000 barrels per day, reaching 1.451 million barrels per day by 2024.
 
Kuwait's refining capacity has seen a significant jump of 81%,
or 651,000 barrels per day, since 2020, thanks to the operation of the Al-Zour refinery,
according to comparative data analyzed by the Energy Research Unit.
 
ranked Iraq fifth, with its refining capacity remaining stable at 1.266 million barrels per day in 2024, unchanged from 2023.

However, Iraq's refining capacity has jumped by 67%, or 508,000 barrels per day, since 2020.
 
The UAE ranked sixth in terms of refining capacity,
which remained virtually stable at 1.227 million barrels per day in 2024, unchanged from 2020.
 
Refining Capacity In Nigeria, Algeria And Libya
 
Nigeria ranked seventh in OPEC's oil refining capacity,
with its capacity set to increase by just 3,000 barrels per day to 1.125 million barrels per day in 2024.
 
Nigeria's refining capacity remained below 500,000 barrels per day from 2020 to 2022,
before jumping to 1.22 million barrels per day in 2023.
 
The main reason for this boom is the operation of the Dangote Refinery (the largest refinery in Africa),
which has a design capacity of approximately 650,000 barrels per day.
 
Algeria ranked eighth, with its refining capacity remaining stable at 677,000 barrels per day in 2024,
unchanged from 2020.
 
Libya ranked ninth, with its oil refining capacity increasing by 32,000 barrels per day,
reaching 666,000 barrels per day in 2024.
 
Libya's refining capacity remained stable at 634,000 barrels per day from 2020 to 2023,
according to annual data monitored by the Energy Research Unit.
 
OPEC Oil Refining Capacity In 2024, From Largest To Smallest
 
Gabon ranked tenth in OPEC's oil refining capacity, with its refinery capacity remaining stable at 25,000 barrels per day since 2020.
 
ranked Congo 11th, with its refining capacity remaining stable at 21,000 barrels per day in 2024, unchanged from 2020.
 
is Equatorial Guinea the only OPEC member state without refineries, according to the Energy Research Unit.

In brief, the oil refining capacity of OPEC countries in 2024 can be arranged as follows:

Saudi Arabia: 3.291 million barrels per day.
Iran: 2.237 million barrels per day.
Venezuela: 2.154 million barrels per day.
Kuwait: 1.451 million barrels per day.
Iraq: 1.266 million barrels per day.
UAE: 1.227 million barrels per day.
Nigeria: 1.125 million barrels per day.
Algeria: 677,000 barrels per day.
Libya: 666,000 barrels per day.
Gabon: 25,000 barrels per day.
Congo: 21,000 barrels per day.    
  
https://www.alsumaria.tv/news/economy/537686/طاقة-تكرير-النفط-في-دول-أوبك-ما-ترتيب-العراق؟    

Government Advisor: Oil Will Return To $75 Soon... Here's Why

Time: 2025/08/19 Read: 600 times  {Economic: Al Furat News} The Prime Minister's economic advisor, Mazhar Mohammed Saleh, confirmed that the need for oil energy will increase after each cycle of price decline, noting that this increase will restore balance to the energy market, which will push the price of a barrel of oil to an average of no less than $75 higher.

Saleh told Al Furat News: “The need for oil energy will increase after each cycle of price decline due to the rise in production costs in the world’s major producing regions, which will restore balance to the energy market and raise the price of a barrel of oil to an average of no less than $75 per barrel, especially after the market’s glut of cheap oil disappears due to geopolitical turmoil around the world.”

He added, "This is a temporary situation that does not represent a long-term investment strategy in oil energy markets, particularly the US production market, as it is the world's largest oil producer, but at high costs compared to the low-cost production costs of Middle Eastern and Gulf oil."   LINK

Economic Media
 
Economic 08/20/2025  Yasser Al-Mutawali  It is necessary to reconsider the selection of figures who speak on economic issues,  to ensure the transmission of a clear and attractive image that reflects real potential,   thus serving as a tool to enhance trust and attract international cooperation.
 
The danger of economic discourse lies in its external repercussions, as
it directly contributes to shaping other countries' perceptions of a country's strength or weakness.

Since international relations are built on the size, capabilities, and potential of each country,
the image of the national economy becomes the basis for shared interests.
 
It goes without saying that a country's strength is largely measured by the strength of its economy,
     a key criterion for determining the nature of its economic relations with the world.
 
In the case of Iraq,
there is a dire need to unify the economic media discourse to enhance the country's reputation
and present it as a significant economic power,
     given its untapped wealth and resources, in addition to
     its status as an oil-producing country par excellence.
 
The goal here is to attract investment and build solid economic relations in this manner.
 
But what happens if a false image of a country's economy is conveyed?
 
The likely result is a state of uncertainty, especially when
     statements conflict and the
     language of unification disappears from the discourse,
          replacing the image of strength with an impression of weakness.
 
One of the most prominent causes of this problem is the growing circle of so-called "accidental experts."
 
These are individuals who
     present themselves, or are
     presented through certain media outlets,
          as economic experts,
               without possessing any real qualifications.
 
An economic expert is not just a title;
     it is the result of a long process that begins with an interest in economic affairs,
          then progresses to the stage of economic researcher, and
               finally to the level of expert, which is
                    awarded through scientific evaluation by a competent and respected body,
                    after accumulating
                         experience and a
                         deep understanding of economic theories and concepts.
 
The lack of precise criteria for awarding the title of "expert" has negatively impacted Iraq's international image.
 
Statements by non-experts have painted a vague picture of the economic reality,
     leading to a disdainful view from some countries,
          which have come to view Iraq as a country unqualified to build strong economic relations.
 
Therefore, it is necessary to reconsider the selection of figures who speak on economic issues,
     ensuring they convey a clear and attractive image that reflects real potential, thus
          serving as a tool for enhancing trust and attracting international cooperation.
 
The phenomenon of “coincidence experts” can be said to be comparable to malicious rumors in the extent of their negative impact on public opinion, and perhaps even exceed them in Some cases.   https://alsabaah.iq/119250-.html  

For current and reliable Iraqi news please visit:  https://www.bondladyscorner.com 

Seeds of Wisdom RV and Economic Updates Wednesday Morning 8-20-25

Good Morning Dinar Recaps,

U.S. Crypto Regulation at a Crossroads: SEC Reforms and Senate Showdown

The landscape of U.S. cryptocurrency regulation is undergoing its most significant shift in years. On one side, SEC Chair Paul Atkins is pledging to rapidly implement the President’s recommendations for a more rules-based, innovation-friendly framework. On the other, Sen. Tim Scott is leading a high-stakes push in Congress to pass a comprehensive crypto market structure bill, facing resistance from Sen. Elizabeth Warren, one of the industry’s fiercest critics.

Together, these developments underscore how the U.S. is rethinking its approach to digital assets—balancing investor protections, innovation, and global competitiveness.

SEC Pivot: From Enforcement to Clarity

At the Wyoming Blockchain Symposium, Atkins announced that the SEC will move quickly to adopt the President’s Working Group recommendations. The shift signals a departure from Gary Gensler’s enforcement-heavy era, which critics say pushed many developers overseas.

Key elements of the SEC’s new approach include:

• Safe harbor periods for startups to innovate before facing heavy compliance.

• Tailored exemptions for digital assets, moving away from “one-size-fits-all” securities rules.

• New disclosure frameworks to improve transparency without stifling development.

Atkins stressed that only a small fraction of tokens should be treated as securities, depending on how they are marketed and sold. The goal, he argued, is to curb fraud while encouraging responsible growth in areas like ICOs, airdrops, network rewards, and decentralized apps.

The venture capital community and advocacy groups such as Andreessen Horowitz and the DeFi Education Fund welcomed the reforms, saying clearer rules could help keep innovation in the U.S.

Congressional Battle: Scott vs. Warren

While the SEC takes steps to modernize its regulatory playbook, Congress is locked in a political showdown over the future of crypto legislation.

• Sen. Tim Scott (R-SC), joined by Sens. Cynthia Lummis, Bill Hagerty, and Bernie Moreno, has introduced a crypto market structure draft bill with a Sept. 30 deadline.

• Scott believes he can win the support of 12 to 18 Senate Democrats, but singled out Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) as “standing in the way” of bipartisan progress.

The House has already passed its version of a market structure bill 294–134, with support from 78 Democrats, making Senate approval the next hurdle.

Warren, however, has denounced the draft, calling it an “industry handout” that risks giving crypto lobbyists everything they want while imposing weaker safeguards than those required of traditional financial institutions.

The Road Ahead

These parallel developments highlight the crossroads for U.S. crypto regulation:

• The SEC’s reforms represent a more collaborative, innovation-focused regulatory model.

• The Senate debate pits Scott’s pro-growth coalition against Warren’s consumer-protection stance.

Both paths will shape how the U.S. positions itself in the global digital economy—either as a leader in innovation with balanced oversight, or as a jurisdiction weighed down by partisan divides and regulatory uncertainty.

The next month could prove decisive: the SEC’s rapid rollout of new frameworks, combined with Congress’ looming Sept. 30 deadline, will determine whether the U.S. establishes long-term regulatory clarity—or continues to face gridlock as innovation moves abroad.

@ Newshounds News™

Sources:

• The Crypto BasicThe Block 

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Wyoming Becomes First U.S. State to Issue Its Own Stablecoin: FRNT

Wyoming has made history as the first state in the United States to launch a government-issued stablecoin. The Frontier Stable Token (FRNT) marks a breakthrough in public-sector adoption of blockchain, combining state oversight with private sector innovation.

FRNT Launches on Seven Blockchains

The Wyoming Stable Token Commission has officially launched FRNT, now live on:

• Arbitrum

• Avalanche

• Base

• Ethereum

• Optimism

• Polygon

• Solana

FRNT is fully backed by U.S. dollars and short-term Treasuries, with a legally mandated 2% overcollateralization. The token was developed in partnership with industry leaders to ensure security, scalability, and transparency.

Not Yet Available to the Public

Although launched, FRNT is not yet publicly available as final regulatory steps are underway.

• On Solana, it will debut via Wyoming’s Kraken.

• On Avalanche, it will be integrated through Rain’s Visa card.

Governor Mark Gordon highlighted Wyoming’s leadership in blockchain legislation, with over 45 crypto and digital asset laws passed since 2016.

Transforming Public Finance

Anthony Apollo, Executive Director of the Wyoming Stable Token Commission, emphasized that FRNT represents a paradigm shift:

• Instant vendor payments instead of traditional delays

• On-chain tax refunds and social benefits

• A working model of how governments can use blockchain to make processes faster, smarter, and more efficient

In a July pilot program with Hashfire, FRNT reduced Wyoming’s payment processing time from 45 days to just seconds.

Built with Industry Leaders

FRNT was developed in collaboration with top-tier firms:

• LayerZero – Token issuance

• Fireblocks – Blockchain infrastructure

• Franklin Advisers – Reserve management

• Inca Digital – Open-source insights

• The Network Firm – Auditing

Real-World Utility Ahead

Through its partnership with Rain, FRNT will soon be spendable anywhere Visa is accepted — including online, in-store, and via Apple Pay and Google Pay.

The Wyoming model shows how government and industry can work together to modernize finance, setting a precedent for other U.S. states and potentially the federal government.

@ Newshounds News™
Source: Coinpedia

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Ripple Says Custody Is Critical: Four Pillars for Providers

Key Points

• Ripple outlines four principles for digital asset custody providers: compliance, tailored models, resilience, and governance.

• Custody is positioned as essential for scaling digital finance, including stablecoins, tokenized assets, and cross-border payments.

• Ripple forecasts tokenized assets could reach $18.9 trillion by 2033, with institutional adoption accelerating.

Custody at the Core of Digital Finance

Ripple executives have placed digital asset custody at the center of institutional adoption, unveiling a framework of guiding principles during a joint workshop with the Blockchain Association Singapore (BAS). The workshop also examined stablecoin use and security, reflecting momentum behind tokenizing real-world assets.

Ripple’s Four Pillars for Custody Providers

In a company blog, Ripple’s Rahul Advani (Global Co-Head of Policy) and Caren Tso (Asia-Pacific Policy Manager) identified four critical areas:

1. Compliance by Design – Meeting strict regulatory demands, such as those from Singapore’s MAS, requiring robust protocols for segregation and recovery of assets.

2. Tailored Custody Models – Institutions must adopt custody setups that fit their needs, whether third-party, hybrid, or self-custody.

3. Operational Resilience – In line with frameworks like the EU’s Digital Operational Resilience Act, providers must design workflows that can withstand disruptions and meet recovery standards.

4. Governance – Strong oversight, segregation of duties, and audit trails are vital to maintain institutional trust.

Custody as a Gateway for Scaling Finance

Ripple emphasized that custody is a “critical entry point” for enterprises scaling into stablecoins, tokenized assets, and cross-border payments.

The BAS workshop also released a best-practices report on stablecoin and cybersecurity standards, highlighting custody’s role in enabling:

• Trade finance

• Cross-border settlement

• Corporate cash flow management

Ripple further noted that custody providers can accelerate adoption through API integrations, AML safeguards, and programmable compliance tools.

Ripple’s Stablecoin & Market Outlook

Ripple highlighted its USD stablecoin (RLUSD), launched under a New York Trust Company Charter. RLUSD is fully dollar-backed, subject to third-party audits, and maintains segregated reserves.

Ripple’s custody platform is designed to help institutions manage tokenized assets under strict legal and operational frameworks.

• A Ripple–BCG report projects tokenized assets could hit $18.9 trillion by 2033.

• Standard Chartered offers an even higher estimate—$30 trillion by 2034.

• Ripple’s own survey shows over 50% of Asia-Pacific firms plan to adopt custody within three years, driven by tokenization growth.

Institutional Momentum

The growing custody and tokenization trend is attracting global financial heavyweights:

• Goldman Sachs and BNY Mellon are piloting tokenized money-market funds.

• BlackRock, Coinbase, Bank of America, and Citi are also exploring tokenization and digital securities platforms.

@ Newshounds News™
Source: BeInCrypto

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“Tidbits From TNT” Wednesday Morning 8-20-2025

TNT:

Tishwash:  Central Bank: Foreign transfers are proceeding smoothly and seamlessly.

Central Bank Governor Ali Al-Alaq confirmed on Wednesday that nearly all major currencies are covered, noting that the central bank is conducting foreign exchange transactions in all currencies smoothly and with high fluidity.

Al-Alaq said in a statement to the official agency, followed by ( IQ ): “The foreign transfer process has witnessed significant development during the last two years, whether in terms of style, method, and organization, or through direct communication and direct transfer between Iraqi banks and approved correspondent banks.”

He added, "This expansion is not only in the number of correspondent or transfer banks, but also in the number of currencies," noting that "the Central Bank covers almost all the currencies used by Iraq for large-scale trade."

He stressed that "the Central Bank is currently conducting transfers in almost all major currencies, and they are proceeding smoothly and with high fluidity.  link

Tishwash:  The last US soldier will leave Ain al-Asad base in mid-September.

An Iraqi security source revealed on Tuesday that the last US soldier will leave Ain al-Asad base in Anbar province, western Iraq, in mid-September, after which the international coalition headquarters at the base will be permanently closed.  

The source told Shafaq News Agency that the Ain al-Assad base is scheduled to be permanently closed on September 15, explaining that US forces stationed in western Iraq will move to bases inside Syrian territory, while those in the capital, Baghdad, will move to alternative bases in Erbil in the Kurdistan Region.

The source added that a limited number of American personnel and leaders will remain within the joint forces in Baghdad as needed.

On Monday, the first phase of the withdrawal of US forces from the country to Syrian territory began.

An Iraqi security source told Shafaq News Agency that a US convoy, including trucks carrying military vehicles, had begun moving out of Ain al-Assad base.

Ain al-Asad Air Base is the second largest air base in Iraq after Balad Air Base. It is the headquarters of the US Army's 7th Division and is located 10 kilometers from the Baghdadiyah district in Anbar Governorate.

Earlier, a spokesperson for the US Embassy in Baghdad revealed that a "civilian" partnership between the international coalition and Iraq was close to being signed, coinciding with the planned "military" withdrawal by next September.

The spokesman said in a statement to the agency that the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS (Operation Inherent Resolve) will transition from its military mission in Iraq to a more traditional bilateral security partnership, stressing the continuation of the coalition's civilian-led efforts at the global level.

He emphasized that this shift does not mean the end of the international coalition's work to defeat ISIS, but rather comes as part of a transition plan to enhance stability in Iraq through security partnerships and ongoing civilian cooperation.

A government source told Shafaq News Agency that Iraq has agreed with the international coalition countries, primarily the United States, on a timetable for ending the coalition's mission.

The timetable stipulates ending its presence with the central government in September 2025, leading to a full withdrawal in September 2026, with the number of its forces gradually reduced to less than 500 personnel, whose presence will be limited to Erbil, while the rest will be transferred to Kuwait.  link

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Tishwash:  The value of Iraq's gold reserves has increased.

An economic observatory announced, on Tuesday, an increase in the value of the reserve.IraqGold prices rose by 4.76% during the first half of this year, as a result of...Gold prices rise Globally.

The Observatory said in a statement seen by Reuters:Alsumaria Newsthat "IraqHe owns 162 tons of gold as part of his national reserve," noting that "the price of a ton of gold was 105 million US dollars in January 2025, and gradually rose to reach 110 million US dollars by the end of June 2025."

He added, "This increase in the price of gold has directly contributed to raising the value of Iraq's gold reserves," stressing that "gold remains one of the most important strategic assets that enhances the country's financial strength.

" The observatory noted that,Gold prices riseGlobally, over the past months, it reflects the volatility of global markets and directly impacts the value of national reserves in many countries, including Iraq.

He explained, "Monitoring gold prices on a regular basis enables Iraq to accurately assess the value of its reserves and make appropriate economic decisions to maintain the stability of the country's purchasing power."  link

Mot:  Ya KNows!!! -- Sum Daze are Just More Challenging Then Others!! – Siigghhhh

Mot: .. They Say Horse Riders are lazy!!!-- HUH????

Iraq Economic News and Points To Ponder Tuesday Afternoon 8-18-25

Home Savings...Idle Money

Economic 2025/08/19   Dr. Talal Nazim Al-Zuhairi   In almost every Iraqi home,  there's a corner dedicated to financial security:  a metal box, a secret drawer, or even  a plastic bag hidden in a wardrobe.
 
Millions of dinars are kept at home   instead of being circulated through the economy via banks or investments,  with all the obvious risks this entails, such as   theft, fire, or even loss of money due to any emergency.

This phenomenon, which has become a common behavior, is not merely an old habit or an individual choice. Rather, it reflects a complex economic and social reality with profound repercussions for the
     financial system and the  national economy.
 
The primary reason driving Iraqi families to keep their money at home is the lack of trust in banks.
 
Previous experiences with
     delayed salary payments or
     disruptions to electronic systems, in addition to the
     complex procedures for withdrawals and deposits,
          have created a state of chronic anxiety among depositors.
 
In the mind of the citizen, keeping cash at home ensures immediate access to their funds when needed,
 without falling into a cycle of red tape or facing the possibility of accounts being frozen in times of crisis.
 
However, there is also a near-total absence of safe and transparent investment channels.
 
The average citizen, especially those with medium or limited incomes,  has only two options:
          deposit their money in a bank with a weak return that doesn't keep pace with inflation, or
          take the risk of investing in unsecured projects that lack proper research and oversight.
 
Under this equation, the home becomes more attractive than any financial institution.
 
When the government announced the salary localization policy,the stated goal was to
     integrate a broad segment of employees into the banking system and
     facilitate financial transactions through electronic payments and purchases,
          while keeping surplus funds in bank accounts rather than withdrawing them in cash.
 
However, reality has proven that the lack of trust in banks has rendered this policy ineffective.
 
As soon as salaries are deposited into accounts, the
     majority of employees rush to withdraw them in full on the same day,
          as if the bank account were merely a temporary stopover.
 
Money continues to leak out of the banking system as soon as it enters,
     re-entering the same household savings cycle.

Thus, the idea of localization has transformed
     from a tool for promoting financial inclusion
          into a formality that fails to achieve its economic objectives.
 
The continued withdrawal of funds from the Iraqi banking system and
     their continued holding at home
          weakens banks' ability to lend and
          puts pressure on the government to meet its obligations.
 
This could
     lead to delayed salaries and
     force the Central Bank to print more currency,
          causing inflation and
          weakening purchasing power.
 
Successful international experiences (such as those in Turkey and Malaysia) have proven that the
     solution begins with
          rebuilding trust between citizens and banks by
               improving services,
               providing incentives to savers, and
               expanding electronic payments.
 
To achieve similar results, Iraq needs to:
     digitize government salaries and payments;
     launch savings and investment instruments
          with attractive and secure returns; and
     ensure deposit protection. In addition, it needs to
     improve the banking infrastructure and
     reduce electronic transaction fees.     https://alsabaah.iq/119166-.html   

The Value Of Iraq's Gold Reserves Has Increased.
 
Economy     2025-08-19 | 625 views  An economic observatory announced on Tuesday that the 
value of Iraq's gold reserves rose by 4.76% during the first half of this year,   due to gold prices. rising global   The observatory said in a statement seen by Sumaria News that "Iraq possesses 162 tons of gold as part of its national reserves," noting that   "the price of a ton of gold was $105 million in January 2025, and  gradually rose to $110 million by the end of June 2025." 

 He added, "This increase in the price of gold has directly contributed to 
     raising the value of Iraq's gold reserves," stressing that  "gold remains one of the most important strategic assets that enhances the country's financial strength." 

The Observatory noted that "the rise in global gold prices over the past months reflects
 fluctuations in global markets and     directly impacts the value of national reserves in many countries,   including Iraq." 

He explained,   "Monitoring gold prices on a regular basis enables Iraq to     accurately assess the value of its reserves and     make appropriate economic decisions  to maintain the stability of the country's purchasing power."  https://www.alsumaria.tv/news/economy/537713/ارتفاع-قيمة-احتياطي-العراق-من-الذهب

Economists: Public Spending Technology Will Reduce The Budget Deficit
 
Economic 08/20/2025    Baghdad: The pillar of the emirate  In light of the ongoing volatility of crude oil prices in global markets,  the government has adopted what is known as the "public spending technique"   as a mechanism for  managing financial resources and   ensuring their optimal allocation.
 
This technique is based on
     planning,
     implementing, and
     monitoring government spending
     to achieve
          efficiency and
          effectiveness,
          align with sustainable development goals, and
          meet societal needs.
 
Alternatives to compensate for the deficiency
 
The government's financial advisor, Dr. Mazhar Muhammad Salih, stated that the
     instability of global crude oil prices and
     their decline to below the price set in Budget Law No. (13) of 2023,
     which amounted to $70 per barrel,
          forced Iraq to search for alternatives to compensate for the shortfall in revenues.  He explained that  the escalating trade war between the world's two largest economies—the  United States, the largest oil producer, and  China, the largest importer, with 10 million barrels per day—     was the primary reason for this decline. 

Saleh explained, in his interview with Al-Sabah, that the  United States is investing extensively in shale oil fields with a production cost of no less than $58 per barrel at the break-even point, with a production rate of 15 million barrels per day, in addition to strategic storage needs of up to To 23 million barrels.

In contrast, China imports about 10 million barrels per day, the highest import rate in the world. He emphasized that    this reality places international markets before "the most difficult geo-economic equation in their history,"  which will not stabilize    unless a balance is achieved between   production cycles and   oil assets at a moderate and stable point. 

 He added that,  in light of the above, the   Iraqi public finances are working to maximize their revenues
  through the time factor in financial collection without delay,    by enhancing the government's unified digital account.

Government collections will be digitally collected for the benefit of the public finances' cash budget,
ensuring that all government payments, including     wages,     services,     fees,     taxes, and     market sector revenues,    are received via instant digital payments without delay, with the aim of   enhancing spending without    delay or  resorting extensively to bridge financing through borrowing.
 
Options and alternatives
 
The Prime Minister's financial advisor continued that the   fiscal policy has set limits on two spending options.

The first is necessary spending, represented by   paying salaries, wages, pensions, social welfare, debt services, farmers' support, and fuel, on the one hand, and proceeding with the basic infrastructure projects approved within the government's service program, on the other hand.

He added that the   second option is expanding deferred operational spending  in the event of an increase in oil prices and the  return of oil assets to stability at higher price levels,   to implement the approved expenditures according to their  importance and the   importance of their gradualness.

He stressed that  it is a successful flexible fiscal policy     supported by a strong monetary policy that
  maintains stability with monetary guarantees that    provide sustainability of financial spending at the ideal minimum   without the country being exposed to any economic contraction.
 
Administrative Control 
 
For his part, Dr. Imad Al-Ani, an economic expert, explained that financial reform efforts should focus on
 increasing the efficiency of allocating government resources by  strengthening administrative control systems to   control and reduce resources allocated to unproductive operational spending, or   what is known as “off-budget spending.”

This is what is meant by public spending technology, meaningthe use of  modern technology and     advanced methods   to better distribute public funds  by measuring the returns on this spending,
 
thus shifting funds
     from unproductive public spending
     to productive spending with economic and social returns that achieve the well-being of society.
 
Social services
 
Al-Ani added to Al-Sabah that the public spending technique also means linking the commitment to

     providing support for goods and services to the needy groups in particular,
     working to improve the level of social services and the method of providing them, in addition to
     focusing on human development and infrastructure.

He pointed out that   the composition and structure of public spending,   not its level,   is what is important in the process of reforming public spending,  to the extent that the level of public spending is consistent with economic stability.  https://alsabaah.iq/119249-.html  

Economist: 99.2% Of Crude Oil Revenues Go To Cover Salaries Alone.
 
Today's Economy , 10:22 | 298 Baghdad Today – Baghdad   Economic expert Nabil Al-Marsoumi confirmed on Tuesday (August 19, 2025) that most crude oil revenues go to cover salaries only, warning that   this situation undermines the     potential for economic development and  limits the provision of basic services to the population. 

Al-Marsoumi said in a post on his Facebook account, followed by "Baghdad Today," that 
"oil revenues are almost entirely allocated to cover salaries,   according to the financial accounts published by the Ministry of Finance for the first quarter of 2025.
 
Crude oil export revenues amounted to approximately 45.283 trillion dinars, while
total salaries paid amounted to 44.946 trillion dinars, with  a coverage rate of 99.2%."

He added that these salaries include
     employee compensation,
     grants and wages,
     retirement pensions,
     salaries for full-time appointees, and the
     social safety net,
 
warning that this situation     undermines the potential for economic development and
     limits the provision of basic services to the population.
 
To address this crisis, the expert outlined two main solutions: the 
first is to increase public revenues,  whether from oil or non-oil sources, and the  second is to reform and restructure the payroll system by    addressing private and duplicate salaries,  combating corruption, and   rationalizing expenditures.

 Al-Marsoumi pointed out that   if swift action is not taken, the     government may be forced to make difficult choices, such as     devaluing the dinar or     reconsidering government subsidies—  decisions that would negatively impact fixed-income earners and the poor.      https://baghdadtoday.news/281227-992.html  

For current and reliable Iraqi news please visit:  https://www.bondladyscorner.com

Seeds of Wisdom RV and Economic Updates Tuesday Afternoon 8-19-25

Good Afternoon Dinar Recaps,

BRICS Meaning in Globalization: From Trade Bloc to Power Player

BRICS meaning in globalization reflects a major shift from Western-dominated trade systems toward a more multipolar world economy. What began as Goldman Sachs’ 2001 investment concept has evolved into a geopolitical force that now challenges traditional global power structures.

Today, BRICS—Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—controls 37.3% of global GDP and represents over 40% of the world’s population. With new members like Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the UAE, the bloc is extending its influence across trade, politics, and energy.

Economic Foundation and Global Impact

The economic weight of BRICS is staggering:

• China accounts for 19.05% of global GDP

• India contributes 8.23% of global GDP
  (Source: IMF)

This power is institutionalized through initiatives like the New Development Bank, which funds infrastructure across emerging markets.

An S&P Global analysis notes that the expanded BRICS could control nearly half of worldwide oil production. With Saudi Arabia’s potential inclusion, the bloc would become a true commodities superpower.

Political Coordination and Global Influence

Politically, BRICS has become a platform for resisting Western pressure. Trade tensions and U.S. tariffs have only deepened bloc unity.

• Leaders like Brazil’s President Lula da Silva and China’s Xi Jinping continue to push for cooperation against unilateralism.

• Professor Jayati Ghosh highlights U.S. inconsistency, noting that even the EU—like BRICS members—continues to purchase Russian oil.

Member Countries and South Africa’s Role

South Africa has leveraged BRICS to amplify Africa’s voice in global trade and reform agendas. The inclusion of Egypt and Ethiopia further strengthens continental representation in strategic platforms.

Chinese President Xi Jinping emphasized that adding new economies injects vitality, representativeness, and influence into BRICS cooperation. Currently, 23 countries have formally applied to join.

Future Direction and Currency Alternatives

BRICS is actively working on alternatives to the U.S. dollar, developing frameworks for bilateral trade in local currencies. Brazilian officials are also exploring the creation of a BRICS currency to reduce dollar dependency.

Beyond finance, BRICS is building cooperation in climate, health, energy, and digital economy initiatives, with the upcoming COP30 summit offering another platform for joint action.

Professor Ghosh notes that U.S. policy unpredictability makes long-term deals with Washington risky, pushing nations toward independent BRICS-led agreements.

Bottom Line: BRICS meaning in globalization has transformed from a trade bloc into a strategic power player, reshaping economics, energy, and geopolitics. With expansion underway and dollar alternatives rising, the bloc is setting the stage for a new global order.

@ Newshounds News™

Source: Watcher Guru

~~~~~~~~~

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MilitiaMan and Crew: Iraq Dinar News Update- Banks-Oil-Salaries-Budget-EXR

MilitiaMan and Crew: Iraq Dinar News Update- Banks-Oil-Salaries-Budget-EXR

8-19-2025

The Crew:  Samson, PompeyPeter, Petra, Daytrader, Sunkissed, GIGI and Militia Man

Be sure to listen to full video for all the news……..

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N941m8AlHoQ

“Tidbits From TNT” Tuesday Morning 8-19-2025

TNT:

Tishwash:  The withdrawal of the US coalition... Is the war over or has new influence begun?

The US Embassy in Iraq announced on Monday that the withdrawal of the international coalition from the country does not mark the end of its work against the terrorist organization ISIS, noting that its military mission will transform into a bilateral security partnership with Iraqi security forces.

In statements to Al Jazeera, monitored by Al-Mustaqilla, the embassy confirmed that the international coalition will continue its civilian efforts worldwide, raising questions about the form and extent of future US intervention in Iraq and the extent to which this partnership will impact Iraqi sovereignty.

Observers believe this shift may represent a less obvious reshuffle of the US presence, but it could continue to shape the course of politics and security in Iraq. While others believe the bilateral security partnership could give Iraqi forces an opportunity to independently enhance their capabilities to counter terrorism, the ambiguity surrounding the nature of this partnership raises concerns about the continued indirect influence of foreign powers.

Amid these statements, the most prominent question remains: Is the coalition's withdrawal a real step toward Iraq regaining its independent security decision-making, or merely a change in form without any change in reality?  link

Tishwash:  Demonstration announcement in Basra: We will not remain silent any longer.

The Nahr al-Ezz tribes in the Thaghr district, north of Basra in the far south of Iraq, announced this evening, Monday, a demonstration to demand services and job opportunities, starting on August 24. While warning against neglecting the implementation of rights, they affirmed their commitment to continuing until their rights are fully and undiminished.

This came in a statement by the leader of the Shaghanbi, Al-Bubakhit and Al-Hilijiya tribes movement, Sheikh Ali Sabah Hatem Al-Shaghanbi, received by Shafaq News Agency.

Addressing the people of Basra, the statement said, "Enough is enough. For many years, we have suffered the bitterness of deprivation and marginalization, with no health care, no education, no electricity, no services, and no job opportunities that would preserve the dignity of our youth."

He added, "We previously stood in front of the West Qurna 2 oil fields and raised our voices sincerely, but they met us with silence, disregard, and deadly indifference. Today, we say it loud and clear: Our rights will not be granted; we will seize them by force."

He continued: "We warn anyone who underestimates the will of the people of Nahr al-Ezz: the patience of the patient has limits, and if the patient becomes angry, his revolution will not be stopped by a false promise or a deceptive speech." He stressed: "We, the people of Nahr al-Ezz, will not retreat, and we will not remain silent from today on, and we will continue until we obtain our full and undiminished rights, no matter the cost."

The statement declared, "Our date is Sunday, August 24, a day when everyone will hear the voice of the oppressed, the voice of truth, the voice of the river of glory. And tomorrow is near."

Northern areas of Basra province, particularly the districts of Al-Thaghr and Al-Sadiq, and the Al-Qurna district, have witnessed a series of demonstrations and sit-ins over the past few months, protesting what residents describe as "deliberate marginalization and neglect" by the local and federal governments.

Protesters' demands ranged from improving basic services, providing job opportunities, and addressing the dangerous environmental pollution resulting from oil extraction operations, which have destroyed agricultural areas and spread disease. There have been repeated threats to shut down oil fields if the situation continues to be ignored.   link

****************

Tishwash:  Iraqi banks eye capital boost extension

An economist expects the capital increase period for Iraqi banks "covered by reform" to be extended.

Economic expert Mustafa Akram Hantoush confirmed on Monday that the Central Bank of Iraq and the Iraqi banking system are going through a critical phase, suggesting that the deadline for increasing the capital of banks subject to reform will likely be extended to three years, instead of the previous deadline of the end of this year. 

Hantoush told Shafaq News Agency, "The Central Bank contracted last year with Oliver Wyman to conduct a comprehensive study of the banking sector," noting that "the company has completed its study."

He added, "The preliminary report was submitted three weeks ago, while the final report was recently issued. It included a package of mechanisms to address banking challenges and regulate dollar transactions. These mechanisms are currently under discussion between the Central Bank and the company."

Hantoush pointed out that "the recommendations included raising the capital of all Iraqi banks to 400 billion dinars, in addition to paying $2.4 million over four years for banks, under conditions most notably merger or liquidation, as well as restructuring the capital so that relatives' stake does not exceed 10%."

He pointed out that "these conditions pose a significant challenge to the sanctioned banks, making it difficult to comply with the required increase," emphasizing that "the matter requires discussions between the Central Bank and these banks to reach an acceptable formula."

The economic expert expects that "the Central Bank will open a new dialogue with the consulting firm to reach a compromise, either by extending the capital increase period to more than three years, or by reducing the required amounts to be closer to the capabilities of Iraqi banks."   link

Mot: Now - This is What I Wants!!!! 

Mot:  .. Fitting In !!!!  

Iraq Economic News and Points To Ponder Monday Afternoon 8-18-25

The Central Bank Of Iraq Sold More Than $35 Billion In Sales Over The Past Five Months

Banks   Economy News – Baghdad  The Central Bank's hard currency sales on Monday amounted to more than $35 billion over the past five months.

The bank stated in a statistic that "the bank's hard currency sales during the first five months of 2025 amounted to $35 billion and 201 million."

He continued, "Sales were distributed between external transfers amounting to $30.264 million, international settlements amounting to $3.649 billion, and cash sales amounting to $1.288 billion."

The bank noted that these sales, during the first five months of the current year, amounted to $35.2 billion, a 15.66% increase over the same period last year, which amounted to $30.435 billion. https://economy-news.net/content.php?id=58926

A Slight Rise In The Dollar Price In The Markets Of Baghdad And Erbil

Monday, August 18, 2025 | Economic Number of reads: 188  Baghdad / NINA / The US dollar exchange rate rose slightly, Monday morning, in the markets of Baghdad and Erbil.

The selling price of the dollar in the Al-Kifah and Al-Harithiya stock exchanges recorded 140,950 Iraqi dinars for $100, compared to 140,450 dinars for $100 yesterday, Sunday.

The selling price in the exchange market in the local markets in Baghdad recorded 142,000 dinars for $100, and the buying price was 140,000 dinars for $100.

In Erbil, the dollar recorded a similar rise, as the selling price reached 140,750 dinars for every $100, while the buying price was 140,650 dinars for $100. / End https://ninanews.com/Website/News/Details?key=1246943

Al-Alaq Details Iraq's Banking Reform Plan

Banks  Economy News – Baghdad   Central Bank Governor Ali Al-Alaq clarified the details of the banking reform plan on Monday, particularly regarding the foreign partner and the plan's objectives.

 He emphasized that the foreign partner is not a condition of the reform plan, while noting that the banking reform is based on international laws and standards.

Al-Alaq said, "The banking reform plan is not a surprise, but rather a well-thought-out plan that took more than a year to develop, in coordination with banks and international bodies. It was agreed upon the need to review the Iraqi banking sector after years of practical experience."

He pointed out that, "After the emergence of many problems, an agreement was reached between all parties to adopt a plan that places our banks within international standards and practices, and within the framework of the Central Bank Law and the Iraqi Banking Law.

Therefore, the standards are not innovative, but rather stem from the Central Bank Law and international practices and standards." He explained that, "The goal of these standards is to ensure that the status of banks is stable and secure, that they have the ability to deal externally, and that they are accepted internally and externally."

Regarding enhancing confidence in banks, Al-Alaq explained: "It is often mentioned that the plan included the inclusion of a foreign partner, while the plan, in all its details, did not include this. We are talking about diversified ownership by financial institutions and individuals, and these Iraqi institutions are more deserving of participation."

He continued, "The plan also included the establishment of a fund for Iraqis that would allow a number of local shareholders, and even citizens, to enter into partnerships with banks." He emphasized that "bringing in a foreign partner is not prohibited, but it is not a requirement, as rumored. We publish all the criteria in detail, and this is not mentioned in them."

The Central Bank Governor added, "After a thorough study of the plan and in agreement with international bodies and correspondent banks, we believe that banks that can adhere to these standards will have their dollar transactions lifted and will establish normal relationships with foreign correspondent banks.

Therefore, the matter is optional, and banks that do not wish to participate in this plan have another option, but they must present alternatives that enable them to be accepted locally and internationally."

He pointed out that "one of the outcomes of the plan we are working on is to address the situation of deprived banks. If banks are able to adhere to the agreed-upon local and international standards, restrictions related to dealing in dollars will be lifted from them."

He emphasized that "the plan is designed to benefit banks, and those who believe they are unable to implement it should offer themselves other solutions to address the problem." https://economy-news.net/content.php?id=58922

The Planning Ministry Is Discussing With Sectoral Ministries The Mechanisms For Proposing And Financing Projects With World Bank Loans

Monday, August 18, 2025 | Economic Number of reads: 213  Baghdad / NINA / The Ministry of Planning held its third joint meeting on Monday with a number of sectoral ministries to discuss mechanisms for proposing projects and financing them through World Bank loans.

The meeting was chaired, according to a statement by the ministry, by the Director General of the Sector Planning Department at the ministry, Basem Dhari Mahmoud, with the participation of representatives from the Ministries of Construction, Housing, Municipalities and Public Works, Water Resources, Agriculture, Environment, Education, in addition to the Baghdad Municipality.

The meeting discussed most of the projects submitted by the sectoral agencies and completing their financing ceilings in line with the national development plan and the integrated strategy for education. The projects will be presented and approved during the coming period in coordination with the World Bank, in preparation for their inclusion in the general budget law for next year. https://ninanews.com/Website/News/Details?key=1246992

Gold Prices Rebound From Lows, Eyes On Trump-Zelensky Meeting

Monday, August 18, 2025 | Economic Number of reads: 245   Baghdad / NINA / Gold prices rose on Monday, after hitting their lowest level in two weeks, supported by a decline in US Treasury yields, as investors awaited a meeting between US President Donald Trump, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, and European leaders to discuss a peace agreement with Russia.

By dawn today, spot gold rose 0.3% to $3,345.64 per ounce, after recording its lowest level since August 1.  US gold futures for December delivery also rose 0.3%, to $3,391.80.

Investors are also awaiting the annual conference of the Federal Reserve (the US central bank) in Jackson Hole, Wyoming.

Economists largely expect the US central bank to announce an interest rate cut in September, its first cut this year, with a second cut possible by the end of the year amid mounting US economic woes.

As for other precious metals, silver rose in spot transactions by 0.3% to $38.08 per ounce, platinum rose by 0.8% to $1,346.61 per ounce, and palladium rose by 1.3% to $1,126.85 per ounce. /End
https://ninanews.com/Website/News/Details?key=1246922

For current and reliable Iraqi news please visit:  https://www.bondladyscorner.com

Seeds of Wisdom RV and Economic Updates Monday Afternoon 8-18-25

Good Afternoon Dinar Recaps,

BRICS Members in 2025: Full List, New Member Countries & Global Impact

The BRICS alliance has expanded significantly, now including eleven member nations as of 2025. What began with five founding members has grown into a geopolitical and economic force representing over 40% of the world’s population and 37.3% of global GDP. With Saudi Arabia finalizing its membership in July 2025, BRICS continues to attract nations searching for alternatives to Western-led institutions.

Current BRICS Members and Expansion

Originally formed in 2006 by Brazil, Russia, India, and China—later joined by South Africa in 2010—the BRICS bloc has become an anchor for emerging economies.

• 2024 expansion: Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates joined on January 1, 2024.

• 2025 expansion: Indonesia joined in January 2025, followed by Saudi Arabia in July 2025.

This brings the current BRICS membership to eleven nations.

Chinese President Xi Jinping emphasized:
“Adding new economies will inject new vitality into BRICS cooperation and increase the representativeness and influence of BRICS.”

Which Countries Want to Join BRICS

Interest continues to rise, with 32 countries signaling interest and 23 filing official applications.

The alliance has also created a circle of 13 “partner countries,” including Belarus, Bolivia, Cuba, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Thailand, Uganda, and Uzbekistan.

Top candidates for membership include:

• Bahrain

• Malaysia

• Turkey

• Vietnam

• Belarus

• Sri Lanka

• Mexico

• Kuwait

• Thailand

• Uzbekistan

Oil producers such as Bahrain and Kuwait aim to leverage their resources as strategic bargaining chips, while Mexico could deliver Latin American access and Belarus offers an Eastern European foothold.

Thailand stated:
“Joining BRICS would benefit Thailand in many respects and boost prospects of being one of the international economic policy makers.”

Economic Impact of BRICS

The expanded bloc now represents 3.3 billion people and wields 37.3% of global GDP (PPP).

• China: 19.05%

• India: 8.23%

With Iran, UAE, and Saudi Arabia onboard, BRICS members control nearly half of global oil production and roughly 35% of total oil consumption.

S&P Global noted:
“With Saudi onboard the BRICS grouping would be a commodities powerhouse.”

Meanwhile, the New Development Bank (NDB) has financed over $32 billion across 96 projects since 2016, pioneering local-currency infrastructure loans that reduce reliance on the U.S. dollar.

Challenges Facing BRICS

Despite its growth, the alliance faces internal divisions:

• China and Russia are pushing rapid expansion.

• Brazil and India are urging a more cautious approach.

This tension has slowed decision-making on new member admissions and economic integration strategies.

Political reactions have been sharp:

• U.S. President Donald Trump dismissed the bloc outright: “BRICS is dead.”

• UN Secretary-General António Guterres highlighted its appeal to developing nations:
  “This system was created by rich countries to benefit rich countries. Practically no African country was sitting at the table of the Bretton Woods Agreement.”

Global Shift

The BRICS expansion underscores a multipolar shift in global governance, giving developing nations new financial and trade pathways outside the traditional Western order. With dozens of nations waiting to join, BRICS is positioning itself as the central counterweight to the U.S.-led system in global finance, energy, and trade.

@ Newshounds News™
Source: Watcher.Guru   

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MilitiaMan and Crew: Iraq Dinar News Update-K2 Integrity-Oil-Salaries-REER

MilitiaMan and Crew:  Iraq Dinar News Update-K2 Integrity-Oil-Salaries-REER

8-18-2025

The Crew:  Samson, PompeyPeter, Petra, Daytrader, Sunkissed, GIGI and Militia Man

Be sure to listen to full video for all the news……..

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijsJtPsyR88